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Description of the Czech Bohemian hills

A view of Milešov Czech Bohemian České středohoří is a relatively large mountain range that encroaches onto the territory of seven districts. Its singularity lies mainly in its considerable height articulation and unique relief. České středohoří can be divided into two sub-units, Verneřické (predominantly on the right bank of the Labe) and Milešovské /on the left bank). Its present appearance is the result oft tectonic elevation, early tertiary- period volcanic activity, and subsequent sedimentation and weathering. Oak and hombeam forests abound here, with beech woods in the higher shaded and damper areas. Among the plants there are significant non- forest groups of rocks and detritus, groups of grassy, sunny banks of a steppe or forest-steppe nature, and groups of so-called "white banks" with an argillite base, where many rare plant species can be found growing (for instance, there are examples of the threatended orchidaceous familly - our orchids). A particular point of interest in the Litoměřice region is the fact that here the largest lizards in Bohemia are to be found (the green lizard), the common occurrence of hot- and cold-loving species of insects on the broken stones, or the occurrence of the kingfisher and dipper nesting on the streams. In 1976 České středohoří was declared a protected nature preserve, on the territory of which thirty-nine natural monuments and reserves are located, fifteen of these being in the Litoměřice region.


Some of the most beautiful places in the Czech Bohemian hills

Kamýk (301m)

Kamýk village A fruit-growing community with a Late Renaissance manor and the ruins of a castle that is a prominent landmark in the area. The castle was built around 1319 by John of Luxembourk. From 1352, when it was acquired by Jan Zajíc of Hazmburg, it had several differend owners. Kamýk retained military importance into the second half of the fifteenth century. It was abandoned around 1600, when a mew noble seat was built in the area the castle.

Bílé stráně (White Hillsides)

A national natural treasure - ecosystems typical of the south and south-east area of České středohoří, protected by a German residents´association before 1938. The dry and hot climate of the valley of Pokratický potok creates favourable conditoons for warmloving grassy areas with a number of rare and especially protected species of plants (wood-anemone, extended globe deisy, honey-balm flower, and especially our rchids). The locality is of zoological significance.

Holý vrch u Hlinné (Skin Hill near Hlinná)

A nature reserve - the eroded remains of a basaltic nappe, in places forming ten-meters pillars. The threatened open pasque flowers and Bohemian meadow pasque flowers here are protected, as are other plants.

Kalich (538m)

A mighty rocky hill over Třebušín with the remains of Žižka's castle. This castle was built on the location of the original fortification of an order of Teutonic knights in spring 1421. The famous general captured the fort during his campaing against Litoměřice. When Žižka lost his second eye, Kalich became his refuge. In spring of the same year Zikmund Děčínský of Vartenberk, who had Panna Castle built on the opposite hill, attemped to conquer it. Upon Jan Žižka's death the castle remained in the possession of his brother Jaroslav and his sister Anežka. The Hussites also stayed on here after the Battle of Lipany, until 1437, when the castle was again taken several times. Then it had various successive owners. It was inhabited until the last quarter of the fifeenth century.

Kalvárie (Tříkřížový vrch - Three-Cross Moutain)

KalváriePart of the right-bank massif of the Porta Bohemica. A mighty mound fortification from around 1000 BC extends 500m over the plateau. Later a Celtic and Slavonic fortification. The three crosses are first mentioned in 1587, many tales are associated with the place. Nature reserve - Palaozoic-period rock, exposed by the erosive activity of the Labe, steppe flora (e.g. milk vetch, leafless iris, Ivan's feather-grass, etc.)

Mostná hora (Bridge Hill)

A hill with a wooded park over Litoměřice. On the top there is a restaurant for hikers and a lookout tower. The name (Bridge Hill) is derived from the fact that timber was brought down from here for the construction of a wooden bridge across the Labe.

Píšťanské jezero (lake)

A fotmer gravel pit filled in with water, with bathing area, suitable for wather sports.

Plešivec (509m)

A natural treasure - a hill with extensive basaltic broken rocks. Iced-up pits from at the bottom of the hill in the west and thr north-east where granulated snow and ice lasts through until the beginning of the summer. A nesting site for birds of prey and owls.

Radobýl (399m)

Radobýl hillA hill not far from Litoměřice. It was from here that in autumn 1836 the poor poet Kare Hynek Mácha ran down to provide brave assistance in putting out a fire. Ultimately this cost him his life. A large cross on the top of the hill serves to remind us of this event.

A natural treasure - basaltic columns uncovered by mining activity, and the southern slopes grown over with the grassy vegetation of a rocky steppe. Protected rare species of plants (russet mullein, milk vetch, hedge-lily, etc.). Picking them is forbidden.

The former Nazi uderground factory Richard is situated under the nearby limestone elevation of Bídnice. The factory is not open to the public.

Borečský vrch (446m)

A national natural treasure -a wooded trachytic dome with rocky ascents and detritus fields at the bottom. A peculiarity of the hill are the winter ventarolas - flows of warm, wet air from the upper opening of the hill's systém ofcrevices. This is why there are species ofplants here that can't srand temperatures below zero. For example, rare peat flora. In the summer the air flows the other way and so we can see ice stalactites at the openings of the crevices at the foot of the hill. An instructive footpath from Lovoš to Borec leads ověř the summit.

Varhošť (639m)

A view of the Czech Bohemian landscape from the lookout This is one of the most visited summits in České středohoří. The primary reason is that there is a steel lookout tower at the top, which stands on the spot of an originally wooden tower from 1927. The second reason is the fact that you can get as Varhošťské sedlo (saddle) by car, which is just a stone's throw from the summit. Despite this, we recommend an honest climb from the Labe, perhaps from Sebuzín over the rock Krkavčí skála (Raven Rock) (views onto the Labe and into the valley Tlučeňské údolí). In addition to the beautiful allround view of the whole of České středohoří, the Ore Moutains (Krušné hory), and Česká tabule (table), Varhošť provides another point of interest: you can see the surface of the Labe eight times from here.

Košťálov (481m)

A rocky, basaltic peak overlooking Třebenice, with the remains of a castle first mentioned in 1372. The castle emerged as the centre of power for the extensive propeny of the Monastery of St. George at Prague Castle. At the beginning ofthe Hussite Revolution it was acquired by the Kaplířs of Sulevice. Abandoned in the sixteenth century. Superb all-round views. A natural treasure - thermophile communities of plants on the slopes and rocks. Highly protected species, such as spring pheasanťs-eye and leafless iris.

Lovoš (570m)

National nature reserve - protected here are the tops and flanks oftwo adjacent hills differing in their geological structure. Velký Lovoš ("Large Lovoš"), com-posed of basaltic rock, and Malý Lovoš ("Small Lovoš" -also called Kibička) made up ofphonolite rock. Velký Lovoš has a richer cover of vegetation that reacts sensitively to changes in what the slopes are exposed to. There are grassy rocky steppes here, as well as forest steppe over-growth, and a detritus forest with abundant protected species (white dittany, leafless iris, the steppe pasque fíower, etc.). An instructive footpath leads through the reservě.

Milešovka (837m)

Milešovka hillThe highest mountain of České středohoří, a famous observation point. The high winds and strong storms were probably the motive for the German name of Milešovka - Donnersberg ("Thunder Mountain"). On average there are thirty stormy days a year here, and only five days in the year remain without wind. There has been a weather station and cottage for hikers on the summit since 1905.

A national nátuře reservě - rare clusters, especially forest-less, and rocky outcrops and detritus. At the south-west foothillis Výfískála (Owlfíock), a nesting pláce forbirds of prey and owl. Most rare species of plants can be found here, and around 94 species of vertebrates.

Opárenské údolí

A valley on Milešovský potok, win-ding from Oparno to Malé Žemoseky for a total of 6km. Rich meadow underbrush. The instructive footpath to Lovoš goes through the lower half.